Ecological succesion

Ecological succesion is a process through which ecosystems tend to change over a period of time succession can be related to seasonal environmentla changes,which create changes in the community of plants and animals living in the ecosystem .Other successional events may take much longer periods of time,extending to several decades.If a forest is cleared ,it is intially colonized by a certain group of species of plants and animals ,which gradually change through an orderly process of community development.One can predict that a cleared or open area will gradually be converted in to grassland ,a shrubland ,and finally a woodland and a forest ,if permitted to do so without human intergerence.There is a tendency for succession to produce a more or less stable state at the end of the successional stages.Developmental stages in the ecosystem thus consist of a poineer stage,a series of changes known as serial stages,and finally a climax stage.The succesive stages are rtelated to the way in which energy flows through the biological system.The most frequent example of successional changes occur in pond ecosystems,where it fluctuates from a dry terrestrial habibat to the early colonization stage by small aquatic speces after the monsoon,which gradually passes through to a mature aquatic ecosystem,and then reverts back to its dry stage in summer when its aquatic life remains dormant.