Marine Ecosystems

The Indian Ocean,the Arabian sea and the Bay of Bengal constitue the marine ecosystems around peninsulat India.In the coastal area,the sea is shallow while further away,it is deep .Both these are different ecosystems.The producers in this ecosystem vary from microscopic algae to latge seaweeds .There are millions of Zooplankton and a large variety if invertebrates which fush ,turtels and marine mammals feed on.

The shallow areas near Kutch and around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are some of the most increrdible coral reefs in the world .Coral reefs are only second to tropical evergreen forests in their richness of species .Fish,crustaceans,starfish,jellyfish and polyps that deposit the coral are just a few if the thousands of species that form this incredible world under the shallow seas.

The deforestation of the adjacant mangroves leads to silt being carried out to sea where it is deposited on the coral ,which gets bleached and than dies.There are many diffrerent types of coastal ecosystemes which are highly dependent on the tide.

The marine ecosystem is used by coastal fisherfolk for fishing ,which is their livlihood.In the past,fishing was done at sustainable level adn the marine ecosystems continued to maintain its abudant supply of fish over many generations.Now,with the growth of intensive fishing by using gaint nets and mechanized boats,the fish cathc in the Indian Ocean has dropped signifciantly.